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Grammar JLPT Level N3 - Lesson 11

Structure of と言(い)える:

Phrase + + () + ()える + だろう
Phrase + + () + いえ よう

Details about と言(い)える:

()える is a common expression that utilizes the potential form of the verb ()う 'to say', to highlight that it is possible for something to be said. This phrase is often used to express a general idea about something that the speaker believes to be correct. ()える translates as 'it is fair to say (A)', or 'one could say (A)'.
As the case marking particle と is being used in its 引用(いんよう) (citation) use, ()える may follow any direct phrase/statement.
  • この儀式(ぎしき)日本(にほん)文化(ぶんか)(いと)()える
    It is fair to say that this ceremony is part of Japan's culture.
  • あのビルは日本一(にっぽんいち)(たか)いビルだ()える
    One could say that the building over there is the tallest building in Japan.
()える is regularly seen paired with grammar patterns like だろう, or でしょう. This makes the overall statement more friendly, by considering the listener's thoughts about the issue being presented. ()えるだろう can simply be translated as 'can we not say (A)?', or '(A) can be said, right?'.
  • このプランは成功(せいこう)した()えるだろう
    We could say that this plan was a success, right?
  • タナカ選手(せんしゅ)国民的(こくみんてき)アスリートだ()えるでしょう
    Can it not be said that Tanaka is an athlete loved by everyone in the country?
と言(い)える

Usage Notes for と言(い)える:

When the potential form of ()う is linked with the auxiliary verb よう, it creates a much stronger phrase that is similar to 'let it be said that (A)'.
  • (ひと)(はな)ているとき携帯(けいたい)()失礼(しつれい)だといえよう。
    Let it be said that looking at your phone while someone is talking to you is rude. (Anyone would say this, so don't make me say it to you)

Synonyms for と言(い)える:

といってもいい
You could say, You might say

Example of と言(い)える

前会計年度(ぜんかいけいねんど)(くら)べて、今年度(こんねんど)成功(せいこう)()えるでしょう

Compared to the previous fiscal year, it is fair to say that this year is a success.

(かれ)らは同時(どうじ)にゴールインした()えるだろう

One could say that they got to the finish line at the same time.

(ふね)飛行機(ひこうき)ほど(はや)ないが、それでも船旅(ふなたび)(この)(ひと)(おお)()えるだろう

Boats are not as fast as planes are, but it is still fair to say that a lot of people enjoy trips by boat.

発明家(はつめいか)は、「変人(へんじん)」という評価(ひょうか)一般(いっぱん)(ひと)から(くだ)されてきた()えるだろう

You can probably say that the inventors were labeled as 'eccentrics' by the common folk.

20世紀(せいき)にはコンピュータによって生活(せいかつ)しやすくなってきた()えるだろう

It is fair to say that life is getting easier due to (the advent of) computers in the 20th century.

Grammar same lesson

事(こと)になる

It will end up being, It is the result of, It has been decided that
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に合(あ)わせて

In accordance with, Matching, Fitting, Suitable for, Adjust or tune to
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ちゃんと

Properly, Neatly, Orderly, Sufficiently, Decently
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かは〜によって違(ちが)う

Depends on, Changes depending on, Differ depending on
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いくら~でも

No matter how (much)
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