BackGrammar JLPT Level N4 - Lesson 16
Structure of ～て (Reasons and Causes):
Verb［て］+ Phrase
［い］Adjective［て］+ Phrase
［な］Adjective + で + Phrase
Noun + で + Phrase
Exceptions:
いい ￫ よくて + B
Details about ～て (Reasons and Causes):
One of the functions that the conjunction particle て performs in Japanese is very similar to 'since', or 'due to', in English. Phrases that use this particular (A) て (B) nuance of the て-form primarily express something that is beyond the control of the speaker in the (B) statement.
To use this grammar construction, pair the て-form of a verb or い-Adjective with the (B) phrase. In the case of nouns and な-Adjectives, で (the particle) will be used instead.
To use this grammar construction, pair the て-form of a verb or い-Adjective with the (B) phrase. In the case of nouns and な-Adjectives, で (the particle) will be used instead.
- 犯人が捕まって安心です。I feel safe because the criminal got caught.
- 今日は宿題が多くて行けなかった。I couldn't go today because I had a lot of homework.
- 田舎は静かなので落ち着きます。I can relax in the countryside because it is quiet.
- 虫歯で歯が痛い。My tooth hurts because of a cavity.
～て (Reasons and Causes)
Usage Notes for ～て (Reasons and Causes):
Synonyms for ～て (Reasons and Causes):
なくて
Not ~ and, Not so, Because not (Examples)
Adjective + て・Noun + で
And... (Conjunctive)
し～し
And, Giving reasons
Example of ～て (Reasons and Causes)
「お菓子をたくさん食べてお腹が痛いよ。」
'I ate many sweets and I have an upset stomach!' ('I have an upset stomach because I ate many sweets')
部屋が綺麗でのんびりできます。
I can relax because the room is clean. (The room is clean and I can relax)
メアリーがアメリカに帰って悲しいです。
Mary returned to the USA and I am sad. (I am sad because Mary returned to the USA)
勇者さまは５年前に、交通事故で死んだ。
The hero died due to a car accident 5 years ago. (The hero got into a car accident 5 years ago and died)
日本語能力試験に合格して嬉しかったです。
I passed the Japanese Language Proficiency Test, so I was glad.
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