BackGrammar JLPT Level N4 - Lesson 3
Structure of 他動詞(たどうし)・自動詞(じどうし):
Transitive・Intransitive
を落とす・が落ちる
To drop・To fall
をつける・がつく
To attach・To be attached
を見つける・が見つかる
To find・To be found
を下げる・が下がる
To lower・To be lowered
Details about 他動詞(たどうし)・自動詞(じどうし):
The two most fundamental divisions that can be made with Japanese verbs are transitive verbs - the subject is moving/acting upon something else, and intransitive verbs - the subject themself is moving/acting. Sometimes these terms are simplified even further to 'other-move' (transitive), and 'self-move' (intransitive).
Basically, this is the difference between verbs that require an object marked with を (transitive verbs), and those that only require が, to show that the subject itself is moving (intransitive).
In Japanese, there are many transitive/intransitive pairs of verbs, and these will need to be memorized.
Basically, this is the difference between verbs that require an object marked with を (transitive verbs), and those that only require が, to show that the subject itself is moving (intransitive).
In Japanese, there are many transitive/intransitive pairs of verbs, and these will need to be memorized.
- ローソクを消す。To put out a candle.
- 風でローソクが消える。For a candle to be put out by the wind.
- 木からバナナが落ちる。The banana fell from the tree.
- 木からバナナを落とす。To drop a banana from a tree.
他動詞(たどうし)・自動詞(じどうし)
Usage Notes for 他動詞(たどうし)・自動詞(じどうし):
Synonyms for 他動詞(たどうし)・自動詞(じどうし):
Example of 他動詞(たどうし)・自動詞(じどうし)
試合を始めた・試合が始まった
I started the match • The match started.
忘れ物を見つけた・忘れ物が見つかった
I found the lost item • The lost item was found.
虫を集めた・虫が集まった
I gathered bugs. The bugs gathered.
探していたカバンを見つけた。
I found the bag that I had been looking for.
犯人が見つかった。
The criminal has been found.
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