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Grammar JLPT Level N4 - Lesson 7

Structure of 等(など):

Noun + など
Noun + など + + Noun

Details about 等(など):

など is an adverbial particle that is used to express that something is being presented as an example, but that other things in the same category also exist. In this way, it is regularly translated as 'such as', 'things like', or 'and so on'.
など may be used after nouns, to describe that (A) is being presented as an example from within a group. Alternatively, など can be followed by (B), to show that (A) is only one type of thing from the broader category, (B).
  • この公園(こうえん)(いし)など()ないでください
    Do not throw rocks and so on in this park.
  • (かれ)いつもルームメイトなど悪口(わるぐち)()ています
    He is always badmouthing people, like his roommates.
など is regularly seen in its kanji form, (など). This kanji itself has a similar meaning to 'etc' in English.
等(など)

Usage Notes for 等(など):

Synonyms for 等(など):

とか~とか
Among other things, For example, Such as
といった
Such as, Like, So much as
なんか・なんて
Such as, Things like, Emphasis

Example of 等(など)

イタリアアメリカなど()きたい

I want to go to places such as America and Italy.

宿題(しゅくだい)てからゲームなどゆっくりする

After doing my homework, I relax with things like video games.

フルーツぶどうなど()です

As for fruits, I like fruits such as grapes.

趣味(しゅみ)など(おし)えてください

Please tell me things like your hobbies.

明日(あした)から準備(じゅんび)などするつもりです

From tomorrow, I plan on doing things like preparing.

Grammar same lesson

みたい

Like, Similar to, Resembling
See detailsreport

のに

Despite, Although, Even though
See detailsreport

とか

Among other things, For example, Such as
See detailsreport

こと

Converting a verb into a noun
See detailsreport

Converting adjectives to nouns
See detailsreport
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