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Grammar JLPT Level N4 - Lesson 9

Structure of かな:

Sentence + かな

Details about かな:

Originally a mixture of the sentence ending particles , and な, かな evolved over time to become its own (singular) sentence ending particle, which roughly translates as 'I wonder if (A)?'.
As it is a sentence ending particle, かな can be added to the end of almost any sentence.
  • あの(ひと)(みち)()(なか)(たお)てるけど大丈夫(だいじょうぶ)かな
    That person over there is laying collapsed in the middle of the street, but I wonder if they are okay.
  • このコンロこの(さかな)(はい)かな
    I wonder if the fish will fit in this stove.
Combining the meanings and な, we can see where かな gets its original meaning. presents questions (usually to other people), while な shows that a statement is related purely to the speaker's own thoughts/opinions. In this way, かな expresses that the speaker's own thoughts are being questioned.
かな

Usage Notes for かな:

Synonyms for かな:

かしら
I wonder
~のだろうか
I wonder...
はたして
Wonder if ~ (really)?, Wonder how ~ (actually)?, Sure enough, As expected

Example of かな

もうすぐ()べに()かな

I wonder if we will go eat soon...

明日(あした)運動(うんどう)した(ほう)がいいかな

I wonder, if I should exercise tomorrow...

(こん)週末(しゅうまつ)友達(ともだち)()えるかな

I wonder if I can meet my friends this weekend...

冷蔵庫(れいぞうこ)ケーキまだあるかな

I wonder if there is still cake in the fridge.

(かあ)さん(なに)くれるかな

I wonder what my mom will give me.

Grammar same lesson

そういう

Like that, Kind of
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がする

To give off, Smell, Sound, Taste, Sensation
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If… then, (Conditional)
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たがる

To want to (Third person)
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みたいに

Like, Similar to, Resembling
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