Grammar JLPT Level N5 - Lesson 20

Structure of ～て (Qualities and States):

［い］Adjective［い］ + く + て
［な］Adjective + で + Phrase
Noun + で + Phrase

Details about ～て (Qualities and States):

The て form of an い-Adjective, or で form of a noun (or な-Adjective) is exactly the same as the て form of a verb, in that it carries the meaning of 'and', and is used for linking.
Building on from the adjective +て, noun + で grammar point, instead of linking adjectives, adjective + て + (B) is used for linking an adjective to an entire phrase. With this construction, the phrase is simply added after て (with い-Adjectives), or で (with nouns and な-Adjectives), without any extra consideration for the phrase following it (this means that the (B) phrase will behave as if it was its own sentence).

田中(たなか)さんの犬(いぬ)は太(ふと)くて人(ひと)と遊(あそ)ぶのが好(す)きです。
Tanaka-san's dog is fat, and likes playing with people.
マサミは綺麗(きれい)で水泳(すいえい)が趣味(しゅみ)です。
Masami is beautiful, and swimming is her hobby.
トミーは漫画家(まんがか)でたまに学校(がっこう)で国語(こくご)を教(おし)えている。
Tommy is a cartoonist, and occasionally teaches the national language at school.

As with adjective +て, noun + で, it should be noted that て and で are different structures here. て is the same conjunction particle that is used with verbs (meaning that い-Adjectives are similar to verbs), while で is actually a form of だ that is used for conjugation. It is the same で as the one that is used in the formal version of だ, である. Which we will learn later.

～て (Qualities and States)

Usage Notes for ～て (Qualities and States):

Like other て forms (ている 1, ている 2, and ている 3), the て (or で) form of other words can have several possible meanings. These meanings are as follows.
Linking - Like 'and' in English.
Reasons - Like 'with (A)', or 'because of (A)' in English.
Manner - Like 'to do (B) in an (A) way' in English.

このスマホは新(あたら)しくて速(はや)い。
This phone is new and fast. (Linking)
このアイスクリームは甘(あま)くて美味(おい)しい。
This ice cream is delicious because it is sweet. (Reasons)
声(こえ)を出(だ)して話(はな)してください。
Please project when you speak. (Manner)