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Grammar JLPT Level N5 - Lesson 4

Structure of る-Verb (Dictionary):

Examples:
()
()
()

Details about る-Verb (Dictionary):

る-Verbs are verbs that have only one possible conjugation pattern. This pattern simply involves the replacement of る with another construction, depending on the tense of the verb (past, negative, etc). This 'single' type of conjugation is where the Japanese name Ichidan (一段(いちだん)) 'one-step' comes from.
  • 生徒(せいと)(こた)
    The student answers.
  • 生徒(せいと)(こた)ます
    The student answers.
  • (わたし)()
    I will close it. ('It' is implied, despite no object being stated)
  • (わたし)()ます
    I will close it. ('It' is implied, despite no object being stated)
In these examples, we can see that る is removed from the verb to create the polite ます form. The る form of the verb is often called 'plain form', 'casual form', or 'short form', depending on the source/book.
All る-Verbs end in the kana る, there are no exceptions to this rule.
る-Verb (Dictionary)

Usage Notes for る-Verb (Dictionary):

While all る-Verbs end in る, not all verbs that end in る are る-Verbs. These verbs can be identified by the る changing, rather than being removed when conjugated.
  • それ()
    I will take that too.
  • それ()ります
    I will take that too.
As the る in ()る becomes り in ()ります, we can determine immediately that it is not a る-Verb, but actually a う - Verb.

Synonyms for る-Verb (Dictionary):

う-Verb (Dictionary)
う + ます (Godan Verbs)
る-Verb (Negative)
Will/Does/Do (not)
う-Verb (Past)
う - Verbs (Past tense)
Verb + て
And, Then (Linking events)

Example of る-Verb (Dictionary)

()()ます

To look

()()ます

To go to sleep

(おぼ)(おぼ)ます

To memorize/remember

()()ます

To eat

()()ます

To wash/shower

Grammar same lesson

Object marking particle
See detailsreport

あそこ

Over there
See detailsreport

In, At, To, For, On
See detailsreport

う-Verb (Dictionary)

う + ます (Godan Verbs)
See detailsreport
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