Grammar JLPT Level N3 - Lesson 4
Structure of (Noun) + 型(がた):
Noun + がた(1)
Noun + の + かた
Noun + がた(1) +(の)+ Noun
[い]Adjective + かた
(1) けい
Details about (Noun) + 型(がた):
型, or sometimes 形, are two kanji that are often used as a suffix, to identify that something is 'shaped', or 'sized' according to (A). The primary reading of both of these kanji is かた, but becomes がた due to 連濁 (sound changes due to conjugation). 型 can be attached directly to the end of nouns, or to い-Adjectives. Occasionally, 型 will be used after the case marking particle の. In these cases, because it is connected to の, and not directly to the noun, it will be read as かた, not がた.
型 - Form (in regard to design, pattern, type, or model)
形 - Shape (in regard to physical shapes only. Square, rectangle, triangle, etc)
Due to this, 型 is used when describing any form/pattern that is abstract, while 形 is primarily only used for describing very basic (visible) shapes.
- この紙を星形に切ってください。Please cut this paper into the shape of a star.
- この型のスマホはよく壊れます。This type of smartphone breaks often.
- 90年代には犬型のロボットのおもちゃが人気だった。During the 90s, dog-type robots were popular.
- 新しい型の自転車はいつ発売されますか?When is the new model of this bike coming out?
型 - Form (in regard to design, pattern, type, or model)
形 - Shape (in regard to physical shapes only. Square, rectangle, triangle, etc)
Due to this, 型 is used when describing any form/pattern that is abstract, while 形 is primarily only used for describing very basic (visible) shapes.
- 次はどんな髪型にしよう。What kind of hairstyle should I get next?
- 私はハート形のアクセサリーが好きです。I like heart-shaped accessories.
(Noun) + 型(がた)
Usage Notes for (Noun) + 型(がた):
Occasionally, 型 may be read as 型, the 音読み (Chinese reading) of 型. This is primarily when it is paired with other words that also use their 音読み, or when it is not acting as a suffix, but part of a set word.
- 文型は基本なのでしっかりと勉強しておきましょう。Grammar structures are the basics, so make sure to properly study them in advance.
Synonyms for (Noun) + 型(がた):
Example of (Noun) + 型(がた)
整数はデータ型の一つである。
An integer is one of the data types.
黒帯を持つにはすべての基本の型を知っていなければなりません。
In order to achieve a black belt, you have to know all the basic forms.
きみの血液型は何?
What is your blood type?
これは君を殺すために時に送り込まれた人間型のロボットに違いない。
There is no doubt that this is a humanoid robot that has been sent through time to kill you.
「よう」という表現はさまざまな文型に使われている。
The expression 'よう' is used in various sentence patterns.
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