Grammar JLPT Level N4 - Lesson 2
Structure of 等(ら):
Pronoun + ら
Details about 等(ら):
There are many prefixes and suffixes in Japanese that are used depending on what the speaker wants to highlight. ら is a suffix (component used after the main part of a word) that implies that there is 'more than one' of something. Due to this, ら is often called a 'pluralizing suffix'. ら comes from the same kanji as 等, and the literal meaning is closer to '(A) etc'.
This 'etc' is where the implication of 'more than one' originates. To use ら, attach it to the end of any pronoun.
This 'etc' is where the implication of 'more than one' originates. To use ら, attach it to the end of any pronoun.
- 彼らは日本語を勉強しにきた。They came in order to study Japanese.
- お前ら、アニメを見ないの?You guys don't watch anime?
等(ら)
Usage Notes for 等(ら):
Because ら has a literal meaning that is close to '(A) etc', or '(A) and so on', it may sometimes be considered a bit rude (due to being dismissive). Because of this, it is recommended to not use this suffix in relation to people, unless it is absolutely essential to indicate plural. In most cases, 達 will be a far better choice.
Synonyms for 等(ら):
Example of 等(ら)
彼らは十分に勉強をしたから、試験が簡単だった。
They studied sufficiently, so the test was easy.
これらを捨ててください。
Could you please toss these?
それらの畳はいい匂いがしている。
Those tatami mats smell good.
君ら池に入るつもり?
Do you all intend to go swimming in the pond?
奴らはプロだ。
They are pros.
Grammar same lesson

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